What Is a French Rental Deposit?

If you're planning to rent a property in France, you'll probably come across the term dépôt de garantie. This is the French term for a rental security deposit, and it works in a similar way to a deposit when renting a property in the UK.

But how much do you need to pay, when do you get it back, and what happens if your landlord wants to keep some of it?

How much is a rental deposit in France?

The amount you pay depends on the type of rental agreement.

For an unfurnished long-term rental, the security deposit is generally limited to one month's rent, excluding service charges. For a furnished rental used as a main residence, it can be up to two months' rent, excluding charges.

For example, if you're renting an unfurnished property for €800 per month, your security deposit would normally be no more than €800. For a furnished property at the same monthly rent, it could be as much as €1,600.

Different rules may apply to holiday lets and certain other rental arrangements, so always check the terms of your agreement.

It's also worth remembering that the security deposit is separate from your first month's rent and any permitted agency fees. You'll need to budget for these additional costs when arranging your move.

When do you get your deposit back?

Your landlord should return your deposit after you move out, subject to any lawful deductions.

For the main types of residential rental in France, the deadline is generally one month after the keys are returned if the check-out inspection matches the check-in report. If there are differences between the two inspections, the deadline is generally extended to two months.

Your landlord may be entitled to deduct money for unpaid rent, outstanding charges or damage beyond normal wear and tear. However, they cannot simply keep your deposit because the property has been lived in. Ordinary wear and tear, known as vétusté, is treated differently from damage caused by a tenant.

How can you protect your deposit?

One of the most important steps is completing the état des lieux, the property condition report carried out when you move in and again when you leave.

Take your time when checking the property at the start of your tenancy. Make sure existing damage, marks, broken fixtures and other issues are recorded accurately. Taking photographs can also be helpful.

If you notice something after moving in, notify the landlord or agent promptly and keep a written record of your communication.

This is particularly important if you're moving to France from abroad and are unfamiliar with the rental process.

A little preparation goes a long way

A French rental deposit doesn't need to be complicated, but it's important to understand the rules before signing your tenancy agreement.

Make sure you know how much you need to pay, what your agreement says about the deposit and what condition the property should be returned in.

With the paperwork in order and a clear record of the property's condition, you'll be better prepared to protect your deposit and enjoy settling into your new home in France.